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<channel>
<title>Chemistry Lab Procedures (CSULB)</title>
<itunes:author>Walter Gajewski</itunes:author>
<link>http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/vodcast/</link>
<itunes:subtitle>Nancy Gardner's Lab Procedures.</itunes:subtitle>

<itunes:summary>A series of short video podcasts that will help chemistry students set up and run lab experiments. These mp4 video files are offered with accompanying pdf text files that can be downloaded and used as study guides. These podcasts are authored at the California State University, Long Beach (CSULB) by Nancy Gardner, Chemisty Department, and Walter Gajewski, Instructional Technology Support Services. You can contact Nancy at ngardner@csulb.edu and contact Walter at gajewski@csulb.edu</itunes:summary>
<language>en-us</language>
<copyright>&#xA9; 2007 Walter Gajewski</copyright>
<itunes:owner>
     <itunes:name>Walter Gajewski</itunes:name>
     <itunes:email>walter.gajewski@gmail.com</itunes:email>
</itunes:owner>

<!-- iTunes prefers square images 300x300 pixels or larger -->


<itunes:image href="http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/images/filtration.jpg" />

<!-- iTunes Browse Podcasts Category -->
<itunes:category text="Science &amp; Medicine">
	<itunes:category text="Natural Sciences" />
	</itunes:category>
<!-- episode one -->

<!-- this item tag is for the mp4 file that makes up the video portion of episode one -->


<item>
<title>001 Gravity Filtration</title>
<itunes:author>Nancy Gardner</itunes:author>
<itunes:subtitle>Use a glass funnel and paper filter to remove particulate matter from a solution</itunes:subtitle>

<itunes:summary>This video presentation will instruct the chemistry student on the proper use of funnel and filter paper to remove particulates from a solvent when the vacuum filtration method is not available.</itunes:summary>

<enclosure url="http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/001/gravity-filtration.mp4" length="10981376" type="video/mp4" />
<guid>http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/001/gravity-filtration.mp4</guid>
<pubDate>Fri, 17 Aug 2007 16:06:00 PDT</pubDate>
<itunes:duration>2:34</itunes:duration>
<itunes:keywords>education, how-to, tutorial, CSULB, CSU Long Beach, Walter Gajewski, Nancy Gardner, Chemistry, Laboritory, Lab, filtration, gravity, science</itunes:keywords>
</item>

<!-- this item tag is for the tagged pdf file that makes up the text portion of episode one -->


<item>
<title>001t Gravity Filtration (transcript)</title>
<itunes:author>Nancy Gardner</itunes:author>
<itunes:subtitle>Using a glass funnel and paper filter to remove particulate mater from a solution (transcript)</itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:summary>This text transcript of the video presentation will instruct the chemistry student on the proper use of funnel and filter paper to remove particulates from a solvent when the vacuum filtration method is not available.</itunes:summary>
<enclosure url="http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/001/001.pdf" type="application/pdf" />
<guid>http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/001/001.pdf</guid>
<pubDate>Fri, 17 Aug 2007 16:04:00 PDT</pubDate>
<itunes:keywords>education, how-to, tutorial, CSULB, CSU Long Beach, Walter Gajewski, Nancy Gardner, Chemistry, Laboritory, Lab, filtration, gravity, science</itunes:keywords>
</item>

<!-- episode two -->

<!-- this item tag is for the mp4 file that makes up the video portion of episode two -->


<item>
<title>002 Vacuum Filtration</title>
<itunes:author>Nancy Gardner</itunes:author>
<itunes:subtitle>Remove particulate matter from a solution with a method more effecient than gravity filtration.</itunes:subtitle>

<itunes:summary>This video presentation will instruct the chemistry student on the proper use of a Buchner funnel, filter paper and vacuum line to remove particulates from a solvent.</itunes:summary>

<enclosure url="http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/002/002.mp4" length="13447168" type="video/mp4" />
<guid>http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/002/002.mp4</guid>
<pubDate>Wed, 05 Sep 2007 12:51:00 PDT</pubDate>
<itunes:duration>2:58</itunes:duration>
<itunes:keywords>education, how-to, tutorial, CSULB, CSU Long Beach, Walter Gajewski, Nancy Gardner, Chemistry, Laboritory, Lab, vacuum, filtration, gravity, science</itunes:keywords>
</item>

<!-- this item tag is for the tagged pdf file that makes up the text portion of episode two -->


<item>
<title>002t Vacuum Filtration (transcript)</title>
<itunes:author>Nancy Gardner</itunes:author>
<itunes:subtitle>Remove particulate matter from a solution with a method more effecient than gravity filtration. (transcript)</itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:summary>This video presentation will instruct the chemistry student on the proper use of a Buchner funnel, filter paper and vacuum line to remove particulates from a solvent.</itunes:summary>
<enclosure url="http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/002/002.pdf" type="application/pdf" />
<guid>http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/002/002.pdf</guid>
<pubDate>Wed, 05 Sep 2007 12:49:00 PDT</pubDate>
<itunes:keywords>education, how-to, tutorial, CSULB, CSU Long Beach, Walter Gajewski, Nancy Gardner, Chemistry, Laboritory, Lab, vacuum, filtration, gravity, science</itunes:keywords>
</item>

<!-- episode three -->

<!-- this item tag is for the mp4 file that makes up the video portion of episode three -->

<item>
<title>003 Pipettes(part 1)</title>
<itunes:author>Nancy Gardner</itunes:author>
<itunes:subtitle>Measure fixed amounts of liquid with a pipette.</itunes:subtitle>

<itunes:summary>This video presentation will instruct the chemistry student on the proper use of fixed volume and graduated glass pipettes with an attached pipette pump.</itunes:summary>

<enclosure url="http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/003/003.mp4" length="15970304" type="video/mp4" />
<guid>http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/003/003.mp4</guid>
<pubDate>Tue, 19 Feb 2008 12:02:00 PDT</pubDate>
<itunes:duration>3:35</itunes:duration>
<itunes:keywords>education, how-to, tutorial, CSULB, CSU Long Beach, Walter Gajewski, Nancy Gardner, Chemistry, Laboritory, Lab, pipette, science</itunes:keywords>
</item>

<!-- this item tag is for the tagged pdf file that makes up the text portion of episode three -->


<item>
<title>003t Pipettes(part 1)(transcript)</title>
<itunes:author>Nancy Gardner</itunes:author>
<itunes:subtitle>Measure fixed amounts of liquid with a pipette.(transcript)</itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:summary>This video presentation will instruct the chemistry student on the proper use of fixed volume and graduated glass pipettes with an attached pipette pump.</itunes:summary>
<enclosure url="http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/003/003.pdf" type="application/pdf" />
<guid>http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/003/003.pdf</guid>
<pubDate>Tue, 19 Feb 2008 12:01:00 PDT</pubDate>
<itunes:keywords>education, how-to, tutorial, CSULB, CSU Long Beach, Walter Gajewski, Nancy Gardner, Chemistry, Laboritory, Lab, pipette, science</itunes:keywords>
</item>

<!-- this item tag is for the mp4 file that makes up the video portion of episode four -->

<item>
<title>004 Pipettes(part 2)</title>
<itunes:author>Nancy Gardner</itunes:author>
<itunes:subtitle>Measure fixed amounts of liquid with a pipette using a pipette bulb.</itunes:subtitle>

<itunes:summary>If a pipette pump is not available, you may use a pipette bulb to draw the liquid up the pipette.

Place the pipette in the liquid, resting it gently on the bottom, (too much pressure on your pipette, will not allow the liquid to draw up the pipette smoothly.)  

Squeeze the air out of the bulb and place it on the top of the pipette, making sure it is tight around the pipette top. Slowly draw the liquid up the pipette by releasing the pressure on the bulb.   

If this does not draw enough liquid into the pipette, gently holding the pipette, pull the bulb off of the pipette with one hand, using your other hand to place your thumb over the top of the pipette to keep the liquid from draining.  Squeeze the bulb and once more place it on the top of the pipette.   A slow continued release of the bulb will again draw additional liquid up the pipette.   

Draw the liquid up the pipette until it travels approximately 1.5 inches past the line on your pipette. 

Remove the pipette bulb from the top of the pipette, at the same time you place your thumb over the top of the pipette to keep the liquid from draining out of the pipette.  Gently releasing the pressure on the pipette with your thumb slightly will cause the liquid in the pipette to drain.  

Holding the pipette at eye level let the liquid drain into a waste container until the meniscus reaches the volume line on your pipette.  

Practice this procedure until you can control how fast the volume of the liquid drains in the pipette.  

Gently place the pipette in the container you wish to deliver the liquid.  Remove your thumb from the top of the pipette to let the liquid drain out.  If you are using a drain pipette, let all the liquid drain naturally, and then touch the end of the pipette to the side of the flask at a 45o angle for 3 seconds.  Do not use the pump or a bulb to blow the liquid out of the pipette tip.   The volumetric pipette accounts for the small amount of liquid volume remaining in the tip.  

Never use your mouth to blow out a pipette or draw liquid up the pipette.

</itunes:summary>

<enclosure url="http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/004/004.mp4" length="13934592" type="video/mp4" />
<guid>http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/004/004.mp4</guid>
<pubDate>Mon, 03 Mar 2008 12:03:00 PDT</pubDate>
<itunes:duration>3:00</itunes:duration>
<itunes:keywords>education, how-to, tutorial, CSULB, CSU Long Beach, Walter Gajewski, Nancy Gardner, Chemistry, Laboritory, Lab, pipette, science</itunes:keywords>
</item>

<!-- this item tag is for the tagged pdf file that makes up the text portion of episode four -->


<item>
<title>004t Pipettes(part 2)(transcript)</title>
<itunes:author>Nancy Gardner</itunes:author>
<itunes:subtitle>Measure fixed amounts of liquid with a pipette with attached bulb.(transcript)</itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:summary>If a pipette pump is not available, you may use a pipette bulb to draw the liquid up the pipette.

Place the pipette in the liquid, resting it gently on the bottom, (too much pressure on your pipette, will not allow the liquid to draw up the pipette smoothly.)  

Squeeze the air out of the bulb and place it on the top of the pipette, making sure it is tight around the pipette top. Slowly draw the liquid up the pipette by releasing the pressure on the bulb.   

If this does not draw enough liquid into the pipette, gently holding the pipette, pull the bulb off of the pipette with one hand, using your other hand to place your thumb over the top of the pipette to keep the liquid from draining.  Squeeze the bulb and once more place it on the top of the pipette.   A slow continued release of the bulb will again draw additional liquid up the pipette.   

Draw the liquid up the pipette until it travels approximately 1.5 inches past the line on your pipette. 

Remove the pipette bulb from the top of the pipette, at the same time you place your thumb over the top of the pipette to keep the liquid from draining out of the pipette.  Gently releasing the pressure on the pipette with your thumb slightly will cause the liquid in the pipette to drain.  

Holding the pipette at eye level let the liquid drain into a waste container until the meniscus reaches the volume line on your pipette.  

Practice this procedure until you can control how fast the volume of the liquid drains in the pipette.  

Gently place the pipette in the container you wish to deliver the liquid.  Remove your thumb from the top of the pipette to let the liquid drain out.  If you are using a drain pipette, let all the liquid drain naturally, and then touch the end of the pipette to the side of the flask at a 45o angle for 3 seconds.  Do not use the pump or a bulb to blow the liquid out of the pipette tip.   The volumetric pipette accounts for the small amount of liquid volume remaining in the tip.  

Never use your mouth to blow out a pipette or draw liquid up the pipette.

</itunes:summary>
<enclosure url="http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/004/004.pdf" type="application/pdf" />
<guid>http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/004/004.pdf</guid>
<pubDate>Mon, 03 Mar 2008 12:02:00 PDT</pubDate>
<itunes:keywords>education, how-to, tutorial, CSULB, CSU Long Beach, Walter Gajewski, Nancy Gardner, Chemistry, Laboritory, Lab, pipette, science</itunes:keywords>
</item>

<!-- this item tag is for the mp4 file that makes up the video portion of episode five (blooper reel) -->

<item>
<title>005 Pipettes (Blooper Reel)</title>
<itunes:author>Nancy Gardner</itunes:author>
<itunes:subtitle>Avoid mistakes when using pipettes.</itunes:subtitle>

<itunes:summary>

Welcome to Nancy Gardner's Chemistry Lab Procedures from the California State University, Long Beach.
Narrator: Wait a second. Let me get my shaky hands out there.
Nancy: All right, that’s good, so they can see the different graduated marks.
Narrator: OK, yeah. OK, good.
Narrator: This is the Pipettes Blooper Reel: "What can go wrong and how to avoid it."
See what happens when our chemist does not keep the pipette tip below the surface while sucking liquid into the pipette, thereby sucking air into the pipette as well.
We have bubbles of air in the pipette, taking up space that should be filled with liquid.
This causes an inaccurate measurement.
Whooops. Too much chemical was sucked into the pipette, and now the bulb (or the roller) is filled with liquid.
This contaminates the inside of the bulb and will also create a mess the next time the chemist tries to squeeze air out of the bulb.
Here the scientist did not expel air from the bulb before attaching it to the pipette.
Squeezing the bulb now forces air into the beaker. That can disturb solids at the bottom and cause them to mix up into the liquid.
You lose precious time, waiting for the solids to settle back down.
Worse than that, the spattering of chemicals from the flask or pipette might be a safety hazard.

</itunes:summary>

<enclosure url="http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/005/blooper-pipette02.mp4" length="7055792" type="video/mp4" />
<guid>http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/005/blooper-pipette02.mp4</guid>
<pubDate>Tue, 17 Jun 2008 1:41:00 PDT</pubDate>
<itunes:duration>1:35</itunes:duration>
<itunes:keywords>education, blooper, bloopers, CSULB, CSU Long Beach, Walter Gajewski, Nancy Gardner, Chemistry, Laboritory, Lab, pipette, science</itunes:keywords>
</item>

<!-- this item tag is for the pdf file that makes up the tex file portion of episode five (blooper reel) -->

<item>
<title>005t Pipettes (Blooper Reel) Transcript</title>
<itunes:author>Nancy Gardner</itunes:author>
<itunes:subtitle>Avoid mistakes when using pipettes.</itunes:subtitle>

<itunes:summary>

Welcome to Nancy Gardner's Chemistry Lab Procedures from the California State University, Long Beach.
Narrator: Wait a second. Let me get my shaky hands out there.
Nancy: All right, that’s good, so they can see the different graduated marks.
Narrator: OK, yeah. OK, good.
Narrator: This is the Pipettes Blooper Reel: "What can go wrong and how to avoid it."
See what happens when our chemist does not keep the pipette tip below the surface while sucking liquid into the pipette, thereby sucking air into the pipette as well.
We have bubbles of air in the pipette, taking up space that should be filled with liquid.
This causes an inaccurate measurement.
Whooops. Too much chemical was sucked into the pipette, and now the bulb (or the roller) is filled with liquid.
This contaminates the inside of the bulb and will also create a mess the next time the chemist tries to squeeze air out of the bulb.
Here the scientist did not expel air from the bulb before attaching it to the pipette.
Squeezing the bulb now forces air into the beaker. That can disturb solids at the bottom and cause them to mix up into the liquid.
You lose precious time, waiting for the solids to settle back down.
Worse than that, the spattering of chemicals from the flask or pipette might be a safety hazard.

</itunes:summary>

<enclosure url="http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/005/bloopers01.pdf" length="9184" type="application/pdf" />
<guid>http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/005/bloopers01.pdf</guid>
<pubDate>Tue, 17 Jun 2008 1:40:00 PDT</pubDate>
<itunes:keywords>education, blooper, bloopers, CSULB, CSU Long Beach, Walter Gajewski, Nancy Gardner, Chemistry, Laboritory, Lab, pipette, science</itunes:keywords>
</item>

<item>
<title>006 Weigh By Difference</title>
<itunes:author>Nancy Gardner</itunes:author>
<itunes:subtitle>Weigh Small Amounts Of Solids.</itunes:subtitle>

<itunes:summary>

This episode explains the procedure used to measure specific amounts of solid by weight using a method called weigh by difference.
</itunes:summary>

<enclosure url="http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/006/chem.m4v" length="6830000" type="video/x-m4v" />
<guid>http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/006/chem.m4v</guid>
<pubDate>Mon, 02 Mar 2009 16:41:00 PDT</pubDate>
<itunes:duration>6:11</itunes:duration>
<itunes:keywords>education, CSULB, CSU, Long, Beach, Walter, Gajewski, Nancy, Gardner, Chemistry, Laboritory, Lab, weigh, difference</itunes:keywords>
</item>

<item>
<title>006t Weigh By Difference (transcript)</title>
<itunes:author>Nancy Gardner</itunes:author>
<itunes:subtitle>Weigh Small Amounts Of Solids.</itunes:subtitle>

<itunes:summary>

This episode explains the procedure used to measure specific amounts of solid by weight using a method called weigh by difference.
</itunes:summary>

<enclosure url="http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/006/Weigh-by-Difference.pdf" length="23500" type="application/pdf" />
<guid>http://chemistry.csulb.edu/chem105/006/Weigh-by-Difference.pdf</guid>
<pubDate>Mon, 02 Mar 2009 16:40:00 PDT</pubDate>

<itunes:keywords>education, CSULB, CSU, Long, Beach, Walter, Gajewski, Nancy, Gardner, Chemistry, Laboritory, Lab, weigh, difference</itunes:keywords>
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